International transportation mode:
1、 Ocean Transport (Key)
（1） Features: (Understanding)
（2） Classification
1. Liner Transport (Key)
(1) Features: "four fixed"/"two management"/relatively flexible transportation of goods/rights and obligations of both parties are based on the terms of the liner bill of lading.
(2) Liner Freight=Basic Freight+∑ Surcharge
Basic freight calculation standard:
① Calculated and collected based on the gross weight of the goods: Calculated and collected in weight tons, denoted by "w".
② Calculated and collected based on the volume of goods: Calculated and collected in measurement tons, denoted by "M".
③ Charge based on the price of the goods, expressed as "AV" or "Ad Val". Generally, a certain percentage of the FOB value of the goods is charged.
④ Charge based on the higher fee:
⑤ Received based on the number of pieces of goods.
⑥ To be negotiated between the ship and the cargo.
2. Chartering and transportation: Voyage Charter/Time Charter/Demise Charter
2、 Rail Transport
3、 Air Transport
4、 Pipeline Transport and Parcel Post Transport (Understanding)
5、 Container Transport
1. Specification (understanding)
2. Category (understanding)
3. Packing method
Full Container Load (FCL)/Less Than Container Load (LCL)
4. Handover method of goods (understanding)
5. Billing method
Calculated based on the basic rate and additional charges for general cargo, in tons per freight charge
Calculated based on the packaging rate, with each container as the billing unit, and charged based on the number of boxes used.
